托福阅读目的题的解题步骤如下:
解读题干
仔细阅读题干,理解问题的核心,即作者提到某个例子、某句话或某个信息的目的是什么。
题干通常会使用诸如“Why does the author mention/include/use…?”、“The author… in order to…?”、“The author uses the example to…?”、“…for… purpose?”等句式。
回原文定位出题句
根据题干中的关键词,回到原文中找到对应的句子或段落。
定位时要确保准确无误,因为目的句通常紧邻例子句,或者例子句之前一两句。
精读出题句进行做题
仔细阅读定位到的句子,理解其含义。
分析句子之间的逻辑关系,明确作者所要传达的意图。
判断例子是为了支持前面的观点,还是为了反驳前面的观点,或者是为了进一步说明某个概念。
示例分析
例1:
题干:Why does the author mention the example of the factory clock?
原文:The first generation to experience these changes did not adopt the new attitudes easily. The factory clock became the symbol of the new work rules. One mill worker who finally quit complained revealingly about obedience to the ding-dong of the bell-just as though we are so many living machines. With the loss of personal freedom also came the loss of standing.
分析:
题干问的是作者提到工厂时钟例子的目的。
原文提到工厂时钟是新工作规则的象征,工人对钟声的抱怨反映了他们对新工作规则的抵触。
因此,作者提到工厂时钟的例子是为了说明新工作规则对工人的影响,以及他们对此的抵触情绪。
例2:
题干:Why does the author use the word "magnification"?
原文:Magnification, the increase in the apparent size of an object, is one important factor in microscopy. Also important is resolving power, a measure of the clarity of an image. Resolving power is the ability of an optical instrument to show two objects as separate. For example, what looks to the unaided eye like a single star in the sky may be resolved as two stars with the help of a telescope. Any optical device is limited by its resolving power.
分析:
题干问的是作者使用“magnification”这个词的目的。
原文中提到放大是显微镜的一个重要因素,并举例说明了放大如何帮助人们看到更清晰、更小的物体。
因此,作者使用“magnification”这个词是为了强调显微镜在观察微小物体时的重要性。
通过以上步骤和示例,你可以更好地理解和解答托福阅读目的题。关键在于理解作者的意图和文章的逻辑结构,从而准确判断作者提到某个例子或信息的真正目的。